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    1. 站長(zhǎng)資訊網(wǎng)
      最全最豐富的資訊網(wǎng)站

      基于laravel制作API接口

      基于laravel制作API接口

      關(guān)于API

      API(Application Programming Interface,應(yīng)用程序編程接口)是一些預(yù)先定義的函數(shù),目的是提供應(yīng)用程序與開發(fā)人員基于某軟件或硬件得以訪問一組例程的能力,而又無(wú)需訪問源碼,或理解內(nèi)部工作機(jī)制的細(xì)節(jié)。
      需要注意的是:API有它的具體用途,我們應(yīng)該清楚它是干啥的。訪問API的時(shí)候應(yīng)該輸入什么。訪問過API過后應(yīng)該得到什么。

      在開始設(shè)計(jì)API時(shí),我們應(yīng)該注意這8點(diǎn)
      后續(xù)的開發(fā)計(jì)劃就圍繞著這個(gè)進(jìn)行了。

      1.Restful設(shè)計(jì)原則
      2.API的命名
      3.API的安全性
      4.API返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)
      5.圖片的處理
      6.返回的提示信息
      7.在線API測(cè)試文檔
      8.在app啟動(dòng)時(shí),調(diào)用一個(gè)初始化API獲取必要的信息

      用laravel開發(fā)API

      就在我上愁著要不要從零開始學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候,找到了這個(gè)插件dingo/api那么現(xiàn)在就來安裝吧!
      首先一定是下載的沒錯(cuò)
      在新安裝好的laravel的composer.json加入如下內(nèi)容

      然后打開cmd執(zhí)行

      composer update

      在config/app.php中的providers里添加

      AppProvidersOAuthServiceProvider::class, DingoApiProviderLaravelServiceProvider::class, LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerStorageFluentStorageServiceProvider::class, LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerOAuth2ServerServiceProvider::class,

      在aliases里添加

      'Authorizer' => LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerFacadesAuthorizer::class,

      修改app/Http/Kernel.php文件里的內(nèi)容

      protected $middleware = [LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerMiddlewareOAuthExceptionHandlerMiddleware::class, ]; protected $routeMiddleware = [   'oauth' => LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerMiddlewareOAuthMiddleware::class,   'oauth-user' => LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerMiddlewareOAuthUserOwnerMiddleware::class,   'oauth-client' => LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerMiddlewareOAuthClientOwnerMiddleware::class,   'check-authorization-params' => LucaDegasperiOAuth2ServerMiddlewareCheckAuthCodeRequestMiddleware::class,   'csrf' => AppHttpMiddlewareVerifyCsrfToken::class, ];

      然后執(zhí)行

      php artisan vendor:publish

      php artisan migrate

      在.env文件里添加這些配置

      API_STANDARDS_TREE=x API_SUBTYPE=rest API_NAME=REST API_PREFIX=api API_VERSION=v1 API_CONDITIONAL_REQUEST=true API_STRICT=false API_DEBUG=true API_DEFAULT_FORMAT=json

      修改appconfigoauth2.php文件

      'grant_types' => [   'password' => [     'class' => 'LeagueOAuth2ServerGrantPasswordGrant',     'access_token_ttl' => 604800,     'callback' => 'AppHttpControllersAuthPasswordGrantVerifier@verify',   ], ],

      新建一個(gè)服務(wù)提供者,在app/Providers下新建OAuthServiceProvider.php文件內(nèi)容如下

      namespace AppProviders;   use DingoApiAuthAuth; use DingoApiAuthProviderOAuth2; use IlluminateSupportServiceProvider;   class OAuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {   public function boot()   {     $this->app[Auth::class]->extend('oauth', function ($app) {       $provider = new OAuth2($app['oauth2-server.authorizer']->getChecker());         $provider->setUserResolver(function ($id) {         // Logic to return a user by their ID.       });         $provider->setClientResolver(function ($id) {         // Logic to return a client by their ID.       });         return $provider;     });   }     public function register()   {     //   } }

      然后打開routes.php添加相關(guān)路由

      //Get access_token Route::post('oauth/access_token', function() {    return Response::json(Authorizer::issueAccessToken()); });   //Create a test user, you don't need this if you already have. Route::get('/register',function(){   $user = new AppUser();    $user->name="tester";    $user->email="test@test.com";    $user->password = IlluminateSupportFacadesHash::make("password");    $user->save(); }); $api = app('DingoApiRoutingRouter');   //Show user info via restful service. $api->version('v1', ['namespace' => 'AppHttpControllers'], function ($api) {   $api->get('users', 'UsersController@index');   $api->get('users/{id}', 'UsersController@show'); });   //Just a test with auth check. $api->version('v1', ['middleware' => 'api.auth'] , function ($api) {   $api->get('time', function () {     return ['now' => microtime(), 'date' => date('Y-M-D',time())];   }); });

      分別創(chuàng)建BaseController.php和UsersController.php內(nèi)容如下

      //BaseController namespace AppHttpControllers;   use DingoApiRoutingHelpers; use IlluminateRoutingController;   class BaseController extends Controller {   use Helpers; }   //UsersController namespace AppHttpControllers;   use AppUser; use AppHttpControllersController;   class UsersController extends BaseController {     public function index()   {     return User::all();   }     public function show($id)   {     $user = User::findOrFail($id);     // 數(shù)組形式     return $this->response->array($user->toArray());   } }

      隨后在app/Http/Controllers/Auth/下創(chuàng)建PasswordGrantVerifier.php內(nèi)容如下

      namespace AppHttpControllersAuth; use IlluminateSupportFacadesAuth;   class PasswordGrantVerifier {   public function verify($username, $password)   {      $credentials = [       'email'  => $username,       'password' => $password,      ];        if (Auth::once($credentials)) {        return Auth::user()->id;      }        return false;   } }

      打開數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的oauth_client表新增一條client數(shù)據(jù)

      INSERT INTO 'oauth_clients' ('id', 'secret', 'name', 'created_at', 'updated_at') VALUES ('1', '2', 'Main website', '2016–03–13 23:00:00', '0000–00–00 00:00:00');

      隨后的就是去愉快的測(cè)試了,這里要測(cè)試的API有

      新增一個(gè)用戶

      http://localhost/register

      讀取所有用戶信息

      http://localhost/api/users

      只返回用戶id為4的信息

      http://localhost/api/users/4

      獲取access_token

      http://localhost/oauth/access_token

      利用token值獲得時(shí)間,token值正確才能返回正確值

      http://localhost/api/time

      打開PostMan

      基于laravel制作API接口

      基于laravel制作API接口

      基于laravel制作API接口

      基于laravel制作API接口


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