一 基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境

1.1 IP規(guī)劃

1.2 架構(gòu)規(guī)劃

二 高可用LVS負(fù)載均衡集群部署

2.1 NTP部署

2.2 部署httpd集群

[root@RServer01 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RServer01 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@RServer01 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@RServer01 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0                    #關(guān)閉SELinux及防火墻

firewall-cmd –permanent–-add-service=keepalived
firewall-cmd –reload

2.3 安裝Keepalived

[root@lvsmaster ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make kernel-devel kernel-tools kernel-tools-libs kernel libnl libnl-devel libnfnetlink-devel openssl-devel wget openssh-clients        #安裝基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境及依賴
[root@lvsmaster ~]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/`uname -r` /usr/src/linux
[root@lvsmaster ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz
[root@lvsmaster ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz        #編譯安裝Keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cd keepalived-1.3.6/
[root@lvsmaster keepalived-1.3.6]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
[root@Master keepalived-1.3.9]# make && make install

2.4 添加啟動相關(guān)服務(wù)

[root@lvsmaster ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# vi /etc/init.d/keepalived  #創(chuàng)建Keepalived啟動腳本，如附件
#!/bin/sh
#
# keepalived  High Availability monitor built upon LVS and VRRP
#
# chkconfig:  – 86 14
# description: Robust keepalive facility to the Linux Virtual Server project
#              with multilayer TCP/IP stack checks.

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: keepalived
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $syslog
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $syslog
# Should-Start: smtpdaemon httpd
# Should-Stop: smtpdaemon httpd
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
# Short-Description: High Availability monitor built upon LVS and VRRP
# Description:      Robust keepalive facility to the Linux Virtual Server
#                    project with multilayer TCP/IP stack checks.
### END INIT INFO

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

exec=”/usr/sbin/keepalived”
prog=”keepalived”
config=”/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf”

[ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/keepalived

start() {
    [ -x $exec ] || exit 5
    [ -e $config ] || exit 6
    echo -n $”Starting $prog: “
    daemon $exec $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $”Stopping $prog: “
    killproc $prog
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    stop
    start
}

reload() {
    echo -n $”Reloading $prog: “
    killproc $prog -1
    retval=$?
    echo
    return $retval
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status &>/dev/null
}

case “$1” in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        restart
        ;;
    *)
        echo $”Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}”
        exit 2
esac
exit $
[root@lvsmaster ~]# chmod u+x /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
……
  smtp_connect_timeout 30
  router_id LVS_Master  #表示運(yùn)行Keepalived服務(wù)器的一個標(biāo)識
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER   #指定Keepalived的角色
    interface eth0   #指定HA監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)的接口
    virtual_router_id 51            #同一個vrrp實(shí)例使用唯一的標(biāo)識，即同一個vrrp_instance下，Master和Backup必須是一致的
    priority 100   #定義優(yōu)先級，數(shù)值越大，優(yōu)先級越高
    advert_int 1   #設(shè)定Mater和Backup負(fù)載均衡器之間同步檢查時間間隔
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.24.8.100  #設(shè)置虛擬IP地址
    }
}

virtual_server 172.24.8.100 80 {
    delay_loop 6   #運(yùn)行情況檢查時間
    lb_algo rr   #設(shè)置負(fù)載均衡算法
    lb_kind DR   #設(shè)置LVS實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡的機(jī)制，有NAT/DR/TUN
    persistence_timeout 50  #會話保持時間
    protocol TCP    #指定轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)類型

    real_server 172.24.8.12 80 {
        weight 1   #服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)的權(quán)值，數(shù)值越大，權(quán)值越高
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 5  #表示無響應(yīng)超時時間，單位是秒
        nb_get_retry 3  #表示重試次數(shù)
        delay_before_retry 3 #表示重試間隔
        }
    }
real_server 172.24.8.13 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 5
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
    }
}
}
[root@lvsmaster ~]# scp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 172.24.8.11:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@lvsbackup ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
state BACKUP
priority 80

2.5 安裝IPVS管理工具

  1 [root@lvsmaster ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm

2.6 配置Real Server節(jié)點(diǎn)

  1 [root@RServer01 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/lvsrs    2 [root@RServer01 ~]# chmod u+x /etc/init.d/lvsrs

2.7 啟動集群

[root@RServer01 ~]# service httpd start
[root@RServer01 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@RServer02 ~]# service httpd start
[root@RServer02 ~]# chkconfig httpd on

[root@lvsmaster ~]# service keepalived start
[root@lvsmaster ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@lvsbackup ~]# service keepalived start
[root@lvsbackup ~]# chkconfig keepalived on

[root@RServer01 ~]# service lvsrs start
[root@RServer02 ~]# service lvsrs start

三 測試集群

3.1 高可用功能測試

3.2 負(fù)載均衡測試

  1 [root@RServer01 ~]# echo 'This is Real Server01!' >>/var/www/html/index.html    2 [root@RServer01 ~]# echo 'This is Real Server02!' >>/var/www/html/index.html

3.3 故障切換測試

  1 [root@RServer01 ~]# service httpd stop

當(dāng)關(guān)掉其中一個Real Server時，訪問VIP，只會顯示還處于集群中的web節(jié)點(diǎn)。