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    1. 站長資訊網(wǎng)
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      MYSQL-SELECT查-wx5c05455f3fc32的博客-51CTO博客

      SELECT語句的執(zhí)行過程(單表查詢)

      MYSQL-SELECT查-wx5c05455f3fc32的博客-51CTO博客過程如下 :

      1、先執(zhí)行FROM,先找表,先確定對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表

      SELECT

      SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ] [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] select_expr [, select_expr ...] [FROM table_references [WHERE where_condition] [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position} [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]] [HAVING where_condition] [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position} [ASC | DESC], ...] [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}] [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]

      總結(jié):

      1、字段顯示可以顯示別名count]:對(duì)查詢的結(jié)果進(jìn)行輸出行數(shù)數(shù)量限制:單個(gè)任意字符

      示例:

      查找指定表中的所有字段

      seletc * from students

      查找students表中的所有數(shù)據(jù),顯示指定的行

      select * from students limit 6;

      查找指定字段行

      select name,age from students;

      查找tb1表中age 不等于24 的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from stdents where age != 24;

      查找指定表中age大于等于24并且小于等于20的數(shù)據(jù)

      selsct * from students where age>=24 and age <=20; select * fromstudents where age between 20 and 24;

      查找指定表中age等于20或者等于24的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where age=20 or age=24;

      查找指定表中的查詢出age 不在20到24的區(qū)間中的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where age <25 or age >24; select * from students where not between 20 and 24;

      通過like 結(jié)合通配符進(jìn)行模糊搜索

      查找所有字段開頭是s的任意長度數(shù)據(jù)

      select * frim students where name like 's%';

      查找所有字段開始是s,但是只有三個(gè)字符的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where name like 's__'

      通過rlike結(jié)合正則表達(dá)式

      查找所有字段開頭是s的任意長度數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where name rlike ‘^s.*’

      查找指定字段匹配對(duì)應(yīng)的條件,使用in關(guān)鍵字指定

      查找指定表中age 等于21 20 23 的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where age in (20,21,23);

      查找指定表中age不等于21 20 23 的數(shù)據(jù)

      select * from students where age not in (20,21,23);

      對(duì)指定字段進(jìn)行排序

      查找所有表數(shù)據(jù),并且指定字段進(jìn)行排序

      查詢studentsd 的所有數(shù)據(jù),并指定age字段的值從大到小進(jìn)行降序排序,如果多行之間的age字段相同時(shí),在將name字段進(jìn)行升序排序

      select * from students order by age desc, name asc;

      注意:

      order by 后面跟的要排序的字段,順序不一樣,結(jié)果也不一樣

      比如:

      1、select * from students order by age,classid; 2、select * from students order by classid,age; 第一條是先對(duì)age進(jìn)行排序后,再對(duì)classid進(jìn)行排序 第二條是先對(duì)classid進(jìn)行排序,然后再對(duì)age進(jìn)行排序

      去重

      使用DISTINCT關(guān)鍵字進(jìn)行去重

      select distinct age from students;

      別名

      查詢時(shí)給字段添加別名,顯示的時(shí)候顯示別名

      select name as Name,age from students;

      分組

      分組

      GROUP:根據(jù)指定的條件把查詢結(jié)果進(jìn)行“分組”以用于做“聚合”運(yùn)算

      avg(),     統(tǒng)計(jì)最小值 max(),     統(tǒng)計(jì)最大值 min(),     統(tǒng)計(jì)最小值 count(),  統(tǒng)計(jì)每個(gè)分組的數(shù)量 sum() 統(tǒng)計(jì)每個(gè)分組的總和 HAVING: 對(duì)分組聚合運(yùn)算后的結(jié)果指定過濾條件

      示例:

      對(duì)sudents表的gender字段進(jìn)行分組

      select * from students group by gender;

      需要注意的是,顯示的是第一次查找到男生和女生數(shù)據(jù)

      MYSQL-SELECT查

      聚合操作

      select count(*),gender from students group by gender;

      先對(duì)性別進(jìn)行分組,然后統(tǒng)計(jì)每組中的人數(shù)。

      count()就是一種聚合函數(shù),這個(gè)函數(shù)能統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)量

      先對(duì)性別進(jìn)行分組,然后將每個(gè)分組中的age字段進(jìn)行平均計(jì)算,得到每個(gè)組的平均年齡

      select avg(age),gender from students group by gender;

      MYSQL-SELECT查

      group_concat()用法

      select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender;先將性別分組后,然后顯示男生和女生組中的名字

      HAVING用法

      select gender,avg(age) from students group by gender having avg(age) &gt; 20;將分組過后的信息在進(jìn)行條件過濾,

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