函數(shù)名: fabs
功  能: 返回浮點數(shù)的絕對值
用  法: double fabs(double x);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(void)
{
   float  number = -1234.0;

   printf(“number: %f  absolute value: %fn”,
   number, fabs(number));
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: farcalloc
功  能: 從遠堆棧中申請空間
用  法: void far *farcalloc(unsigned long units, unsigned ling unitsz);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dos.h>

int main(void)
{
   char far *fptr;
   char *str = “Hello”;

   /* allocate memory for the far pointer */
   fptr = farcalloc(10, sizeof(char));

   /* copy “Hello” into allocated memory */
   /*
      Note: movedata is used because you
      might be in a small data model, in
      which case a normal string copy routine
      can not be used since it assumes the
      pointer size is near.
   */
   movedata(FP_SEG(str), FP_OFF(str),
     FP_SEG(fptr), FP_OFF(fptr),
            strlen(str));

   /* display string (note the F modifier) */
   printf(“Far string is: %Fsn”, fptr);

   /* free the memory */
   farfree(fptr);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: farcoreleft
功  能: 返回遠堆中未作用存儲區(qū)大小
用  法: long farcoreleft(void);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
   printf(“The difference between the
    highest allocated block in the
           farn”);
   printf(“heap and the top of the far heap
           is: %lu bytesn”, farcoreleft());

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: farfree
功  能: 從遠堆中釋放一塊
用  法: void farfree(void);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dos.h>

int main(void)
{
   char far *fptr;
   char *str = “Hello”;

   /* allocate memory for the far pointer */
   fptr = farcalloc(10, sizeof(char));

   /* copy “Hello” into allocated memory */
   /*
      Note: movedata is used because you might be in a small data model,
      in which case a normal string copy routine can’t be used since it
      assumes the pointer size is near.
   */
   movedata(FP_SEG(str), FP_OFF(str),
            FP_SEG(fptr), FP_OFF(fptr),
            strlen(str));

   /* display string (note the F modifier) */
   printf(“Far string is: %Fsn”, fptr);

   /* free the memory */
   farfree(fptr);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: farmalloc
功  能: 從遠堆中分配存儲塊
用  法: void far *farmalloc(unsigned long size);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dos.h>

int main(void)
{
   char far *fptr;
   char *str = “Hello”;

   /* allocate memory for the far pointer */
   fptr = farmalloc(10);

   /* copy “Hello” into allocated memory */
   /*
      Note: movedata is used because we might
      be in a small data model, in which case
      a normal string copy routine can not be
      used since it assumes the pointer size
      is near.
   */
   movedata(FP_SEG(str), FP_OFF(str),
     FP_SEG(fptr), FP_OFF(fptr),
     strlen(str));

   /* display string (note the F modifier) */
   printf(“Far string is: %Fsn”, fptr);

   /* free the memory */
   farfree(fptr);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: farrealloc
功  能: 調(diào)整遠堆中的分配塊
用  法: void far *farrealloc(void far *block, unsigned long newsize);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
   char far *fptr;

   fptr = farmalloc(10);
   printf(“First address: %Fpn”, fptr);
   fptr = farrealloc(fptr,20);
   printf(“New address  : %Fpn”, fptr);
   farfree(fptr);
   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: fclose
功  能: 關(guān)閉一個流
用  法: int fclose(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *fp;
   char buf[11] = “0123456789”;

   /* create a file containing 10 bytes */
   fp = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w”);
   fwrite(&buf, strlen(buf), 1, fp);

   /* close the file */
   fclose(fp);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fcloseall
功  能: 關(guān)閉打開流
用  法: int fcloseall(void);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   int streams_closed;

   /* open two streams */
   fopen(“DUMMY.ONE”, “w”);
   fopen(“DUMMY.TWO”, “w”);

   /* close the open streams */
   streams_closed = fcloseall();

   if (streams_closed == EOF)
      /* issue an error message */
      perror(“Error”);
   else
      /* print result of fcloseall() function */
      printf(“%d streams were closed.n”, streams_closed);

   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: fcvt
功  能: 把一個浮點數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串
用  法: char *fcvt(double value, int ndigit, int *decpt, int *sign);
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char *string;
   double value;
   int dec, sign;
   int ndig = 10;

   clrscr();
   value = 9.876;
   string = ecvt(value, ndig, &dec, &sign);
   printf(“string = %s      dec = %d
          sign = %dn”, string, dec, sign);

   value = -123.45;
   ndig= 15;
   string = ecvt(value,ndig,&dec,&sign);
   printf(“string = %s dec = %d sign = %dn”,
          string, dec, sign);
 

   value = 0.6789e5; /* scientific
                        notation */
   ndig = 5;
   string = ecvt(value,ndig,&dec,&sign);
   printf(“string = %s           dec = %d
          sign = %dn”, string, dec, sign);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fdopen
功  能: 把流與一個文件句柄相接
用  法: FILE *fdopen(int handle, char *type);
程序例:

#include <sysstat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>

int main(void)
{
   int handle;
   FILE *stream;

   /* open a file */
   handle = open(“DUMMY.FIL”, O_CREAT,
    S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);

   /* now turn the handle into a stream */
   stream = fdopen(handle, “w”);

   if (stream == NULL)
      printf(“fdopen failedn”);
   else
   {
      fprintf(stream, “Hello worldn”);
      fclose(stream);
   }
   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: feof
功  能: 檢測流上的文件結(jié)束符
用  法: int feof(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;

   /* open a file for reading */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “r”);

   /* read a character from the file */
   fgetc(stream);

   /* check for EOF */
   if (feof(stream))
      printf(“We have reached end-of-filen”);

   /* close the file */
   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: ferror
功  能: 檢測流上的錯誤
用  法: int ferror(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;

   /* open a file for writing */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w”);

   /* force an error condition by attempting to read */
   (void) getc(stream);

   if (ferror(stream))  /* test for an error on the stream */
   {
      /* display an error message */
      printf(“Error reading from DUMMY.FILn”);

      /* reset the error and EOF indicators */
      clearerr(stream);
   }

   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fflush
功  能: 清除一個流
用  法: int fflush(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <io.h>

void flush(FILE *stream);

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   char msg[] = “This is a test”;

   /* create a file */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w”);

   /* write some data to the file */
   fwrite(msg, strlen(msg), 1, stream);

   clrscr();
   printf(“Press any key to flush
   DUMMY.FIL:”);
   getch();

   /* flush the data to DUMMY.FIL without
      closing it */
   flush(stream);

   printf(“nFile was flushed, Press any key
   to quit:”);
   getch();
   return 0;
}

void flush(FILE *stream)
{
     int duphandle;

     /* flush the stream’s internal buffer */
     fflush(stream);

     /* make a duplicate file handle */
     duphandle = dup(fileno(stream));

     /* close the duplicate handle to flush
        the DOS buffer */
     close(duphandle);
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fgetc
功  能: 從流中讀取字符
用  法: int fgetc(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   char string[] = “This is a test”;
   char ch;

   /* open a file for update */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”);

   /* write a string into the file */
   fwrite(string, strlen(string), 1, stream);

   /* seek to the beginning of the file */
   fseek(stream, 0, SEEK_SET);

   do
   {
      /* read a char from the file */
      ch = fgetc(stream);

      /* display the character */
      putch(ch);
   } while (ch != EOF);

   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fgetchar
功  能: 從流中讀取字符
用  法: int fgetchar(void);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char ch;

   /* prompt the user for input */
   printf(“Enter a character followed by
   <Enter>: “);

   /* read the character from stdin */
   ch = fgetchar();

   /* display what was read */
   printf(“The character read is: ‘%c’n”,
          ch);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fgetpos
功  能: 取得當前文件的句柄
用  法: int fgetpos(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   char string[] = “This is a test”;
   fpos_t filepos;

   /* open a file for update */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”);

   /* write a string into the file */
   fwrite(string, strlen(string), 1, stream);

   /* report the file pointer position */
   fgetpos(stream, &filepos);
   printf(“The file pointer is at byte
          %ldn”, filepos);

   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fgets
功  能: 從流中讀取一字符串
用  法: char *fgets(char *string, int n, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   char string[] = “This is a test”;
   char msg[20];

   /* open a file for update */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”);

   /* write a string into the file */
   fwrite(string, strlen(string), 1, stream);

   /* seek to the start of the file */
   fseek(stream, 0, SEEK_SET);

   /* read a string from the file */
   fgets(msg, strlen(string)+1, stream);

   /* display the string */
   printf(“%s”, msg);

   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: filelength
功  能: 取文件長度字節(jié)數(shù)
用  法: long filelength(int handle);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>

int main(void)
{
   int handle;
   char buf[11] = “0123456789”;

   /* create a file containing 10 bytes */
   handle = open(“DUMMY.FIL”, O_CREAT);
   write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

   /* display the size of the file */
   printf(“file length in bytes: %ldn”,
   filelength(handle));

   /* close the file */
   close(handle);
   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: fillellipse
功  能: 畫出并填充一橢圓
用  法: void far fillellipse(int x, int y, int xradius, int yradius);
程序例:

#include <graphics.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
   int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
   int xcenter, ycenter, i;

   initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,””);
   xcenter = getmaxx() / 2;
   ycenter = getmaxy() / 2;

   for (i=0; i<13; i++)
   {
      setfillstyle(i,WHITE);
      fillellipse(xcenter,ycenter,100,50);
      getch();
   }

   closegraph();
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fillpoly
功  能: 畫并填充一個多邊形
用  法: void far fillpoly(int numpoints, int far *polypoints);
程序例:

#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
   /* request auto detection */
   int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
   int i, maxx, maxy;

   /* our polygon array */
   int poly[8];

   /* initialize graphics, local variables */
   initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, “”);

   /* read result of initialization */
   errorcode = graphresult();
   if (errorcode != grOk)
   /* an error occurred */
   {
      printf(“Graphics error: %sn”,
             grapherrormsg(errorcode));
      printf(“Press any key to halt:”);
      getch();
      exit(1);
      /* terminate with an error code */
   }

   maxx = getmaxx();
   maxy = getmaxy();

   poly[0] = 20;        /* 1st vertext */
   poly[1] = maxy / 2;

   poly[2] = maxx – 20; /* 2nd */
   poly[3] = 20;

   poly[4] = maxx – 50; /* 3rd */
   poly[5] = maxy – 20;

   /*
      4th vertex. fillpoly automatically
      closes the polygon.
   */
   poly[6] = maxx / 2;
   poly[7] = maxy / 2;

   /* loop through the fill patterns */
   for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i<USER_FILL; i++)
   {
      /* set fill pattern */
      setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());

      /* draw a filled polygon */
      fillpoly(4, poly);

      getch();
   }

   /* clean up */
   closegraph();
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: findfirst, findnext
功  能: 搜索磁盤目錄; 取得下一個匹配的findfirst模式的文件
用  法: int findfirst(char *pathname, struct ffblk *ffblk, int attrib);
 int findnext(struct ffblk *ffblk);
程序例:

/* findnext example */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>

int main(void)
{
   struct ffblk ffblk;
   int done;
   printf(“Directory listing of *.*n”);
   done = findfirst(“*.*”,&ffblk,0);
   while (!done)
   {
      printf(”  %sn”, ffblk.ff_name);
      done = findnext(&ffblk);
   }

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: floodfill
功  能: 填充一個有界區(qū)域
用  法: void far floodfill(int x, int y, int border);
程序例:

#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
   /* request auto detection */
   int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
   int maxx, maxy;

   /* initialize graphics, local variables */
   initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, “”);

   /* read result of initialization */
   errorcode = graphresult();
   if (errorcode != grOk)
   /* an error occurred */
   {
      printf(“Graphics error: %sn”,
             grapherrormsg(errorcode));
      printf(“Press any key to halt:”);
      getch();
      exit(1);
      /* terminate with an error code */
   }

   maxx = getmaxx();
   maxy = getmaxy();

   /* select drawing color */
   setcolor(getmaxcolor());

   /* select fill color */
   setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, getmaxcolor());

   /* draw a border around the screen */
   rectangle(0, 0, maxx, maxy);

   /* draw some circles */
   circle(maxx / 3, maxy /2, 50);
   circle(maxx / 2, 20, 100);
   circle(maxx-20, maxy-50, 75);
   circle(20, maxy-20, 25);

   /* wait for a key */
   getch();

   /* fill in bounded region */
   floodfill(2, 2, getmaxcolor());

   /* clean up */
   getch();
   closegraph();
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: floor
功  能: 向下舍入
用  法: double floor(double x);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(void)
{
   double number = 123.54;
   double down, up;

   down = floor(number);
   up = ceil(number);

   printf(“original number     %10.2lfn”,
          number);
   printf(“number rounded down %10.2lfn”,
          down);
   printf(“number rounded up   %10.2lfn”,
          up);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: flushall
功  能: 清除所有緩沖區(qū)
用  法: int flushall(void);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;

   /* create a file */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w”);

   /* flush all open streams */
   printf(“%d streams were flushed.n”,
   flushall());

   /* close the file */
   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fmod
功  能: 計算x對y的模, 即x/y的余數(shù)
用  法: double fmod(double x, double y);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(void)
{
   double x = 5.0, y = 2.0;
   double result;

   result = fmod(x,y);
   printf(“The remainder of (%lf / %lf) is
          %lfn”, x, y, result);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fnmerge
功  能: 建立新文件名
用  法: void fnerge(char *path, char *drive, char *dir);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>
 

int main(void)
{
    char s[MAXPATH];
    char drive[MAXDRIVE];
    char dir[MAXDIR];
    char file[MAXFILE];
    char ext[MAXEXT];

    getcwd(s,MAXPATH);              /* get the current working directory */
    strcat(s,”\”);                  /* append on a trailing character */
    fnsplit(s,drive,dir,file,ext); /* split the string to separate elems */
    strcpy(file,”DATA”);
    strcpy(ext,”.TXT”);
    fnmerge(s,drive,dir,file,ext);   /* merge everything into one string */
    puts(s);                                 /* display resulting string */

    return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fopen
功  能: 打開一個流
用  法: FILE *fopen(char *filename, char *type);
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>

int main(void)
{
    char *s;
    char drive[MAXDRIVE];
    char dir[MAXDIR];
    char file[MAXFILE];
    char ext[MAXEXT];
    int flags;

    s=getenv(“COMSPEC”); /* get the comspec environment parameter */
    flags=fnsplit(s,drive,dir,file,ext);

    printf(“Command processor info:n”);
    if(flags & DRIVE)
       printf(“tdrive: %sn”,drive);
    if(flags & DIRECTORY)
       printf(“tdirectory: %sn”,dir);
    if(flags & FILENAME)
       printf(“tfile: %sn”,file);
    if(flags & EXTENSION)
       printf(“textension: %sn”,ext);

    return 0;
}
 

函數(shù)名: fprintf
功  能: 傳送格式化輸出到一個流中
用  法: int fprintf(FILE *stream, char *format[, argument,…]);
程序例:

/* Program to create backup of the
   AUTOEXEC.BAT file */

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *in, *out;

   if ((in = fopen(“\AUTOEXEC.BAT”, “rt”))
       == NULL)
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Cannot open input
       file.n”);
      return 1;
   }

   if ((out = fopen(“\AUTOEXEC.BAK”, “wt”))
       == NULL)
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Cannot open output
       file.n”);
      return 1;
   }

   while (!feof(in))
      fputc(fgetc(in), out);

   fclose(in);
   fclose(out);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: FP_OFF
功  能: 獲取遠地址偏移量
用  法: unsigned FP_OFF(void far *farptr);
程序例:

/* FP_OFF */

#include <dos.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char *str = “fpoff.c”;

   printf(“The offset of this file in memory
          is: %Fpn”, FP_OFF(str));

   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: FP_SEG
功  能: 獲取遠地址段值
用  法: unsigned FP_SEG(void far *farptr);
程序例:

/* FP_SEG */

#include <dos.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char *filename = “fpseg.c”;

   printf(“The offset of this file in memory
   is: %Fpn”, FP_SEG(filename));

   return(0);
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fputc
功  能: 送一個字符到一個流中
用  法: int fputc(int ch, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char msg[] = “Hello world”;
   int i = 0;

   while (msg[i])
   {
      fputc(msg[i], stdout);
      i++;
   }
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fputchar
功  能: 送一個字符到標準輸出流(stdout)中
用  法: int fputchar(char ch);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   char msg[] = “This is a test”;
   int i = 0;

   while (msg[i])
   {
      fputchar(msg[i]);
      i++;
   }
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fputs
功  能: 送一個字符到一個流中
用  法: int fputs(char *string, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   /* write a string to standard output */
   fputs(“Hello worldn”, stdout);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fread
功  能: 從一個流中讀數(shù)據(jù)
用  法: int fread(void *ptr, int size, int nitems, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   char msg[] = “this is a test”;
   char buf[20];

   if ((stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”))
       == NULL)
   {
      fprintf(stderr,
              “Cannot open output file.n”);
      return 1;
   }

   /* write some data to the file */
   fwrite(msg, strlen(msg)+1, 1, stream);

   /* seek to the beginning of the file */
   fseek(stream, SEEK_SET, 0);

   /* read the data and display it */
   fread(buf, strlen(msg)+1, 1, stream);
   printf(“%sn”, buf);

   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: free
功  能: 釋放已分配的塊
用  法: void free(void *ptr);
程序例:

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main(void)
{
   char *str;

   /* allocate memory for string */
   str = malloc(10);

   /* copy “Hello” to string */
   strcpy(str, “Hello”);

   /* display string */
   printf(“String is %sn”, str);

   /* free memory */
   free(str);

   return 0;
}
 

函數(shù)名: freemem
功  能: 釋放先前分配的DOS內(nèi)存塊
用  法: int freemem(unsigned seg);
程序例:

#include <dos.h>
#include <alloc.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   unsigned int size, segp;
   int stat;

   size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */
   stat = allocmem(size, &segp);
   if (stat < 0)
      printf(“Allocated memory at segment:
      %xn”, segp);
   else
      printf(“Failed: maximum number of
      paragraphs available is %un”,
      stat);
   freemem(segp);

   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: freopen
功  能: 替換一個流
用  法: FILE *freopen(char *filename, char *type, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   /* redirect standard output to a file */
   if (freopen(“OUTPUT.FIL”, “w”, stdout)
       == NULL)
      fprintf(stderr, “error redirecting
              stdoutn”);

   /* this output will go to a file */
   printf(“This will go into a file.”);

   /* close the standard output stream */
   fclose(stdout);

   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: frexp
功  能: 把一個雙精度數(shù)分解為尾數(shù)的指數(shù)
用  法: double frexp(double value, int *eptr);
程序例:

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   double mantissa, number;
   int exponent;

   number = 8.0;
   mantissa = frexp(number, &exponent);

   printf(“The number %lf is “, number);
   printf(“%lf times two to the “, mantissa);
   printf(“power of %dn”, exponent);

   return 0;
}
 
 

函數(shù)名: fscanf
功  能: 從一個流中執(zhí)行格式化輸入
用  法: int fscanf(FILE *stream, char *format[,argument…]);
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   int i;

   printf(“Input an integer: “);

   /* read an integer from the
      standard input stream */
   if (fscanf(stdin, “%d”, &i))
      printf(“The integer read was: %in”,
             i);
   else
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Error reading an
              integer from stdin.n”);
      exit(1);
   }
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fseek
功  能: 重定位流上的文件指針
用  法: int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int fromwhere);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

long filesize(FILE *stream);

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;

   stream = fopen(“MYFILE.TXT”, “w+”);
   fprintf(stream, “This is a test”);
   printf(“Filesize of MYFILE.TXT is %ld bytesn”, filesize(stream));
   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}

long filesize(FILE *stream)
{
   long curpos, length;

   curpos = ftell(stream);
   fseek(stream, 0L, SEEK_END);
   length = ftell(stream);
   fseek(stream, curpos, SEEK_SET);
   return length;
}
 
 
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fsetpos
功  能: 定位流上的文件指針
用  法: int fsetpos(FILE *stream, const fpos_t *pos);
程序例:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void showpos(FILE *stream);

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   fpos_t filepos;

   /* open a file for update */
   stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”);

   /* save the file pointer position */
   fgetpos(stream, &filepos);

   /* write some data to the file */
   fprintf(stream, “This is a test”);

   /* show the current file position */
   showpos(stream);

   /* set a new file position, display it */
   if (fsetpos(stream, &filepos) == 0)
     showpos(stream);
   else
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Error setting file
       pointer.n”);
      exit(1);
   }

   /* close the file */
   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}

void showpos(FILE *stream)
{
   fpos_t pos;

   /* display the current file pointer
      position of a stream */
   fgetpos(stream, &pos);
   printf(“File position: %ldn”, pos);
}
 

函數(shù)名: fstat
功  能: 獲取打開文件信息
用  法: int fstat(char *handle, struct stat *buff);
程序例:

#include <sysstat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

int main(void)
{
   struct stat statbuf;
   FILE *stream;

   /* open a file for update */
   if ((stream = fopen(“DUMMY.FIL”, “w+”))
       == NULL)
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Cannot open output
              file.n”);
      return(1);
   }
   fprintf(stream, “This is a test”);
   fflush(stream);

   /* get information about the file */
   fstat(fileno(stream), &statbuf);
   fclose(stream);

   /* display the information returned */
   if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFCHR)
      printf(“Handle refers to a device.n”);
   if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFREG)
      printf(“Handle refers to an ordinary
             file.n”);
   if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IREAD)
      printf(“User has read permission on
             file.n”);
   if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IWRITE)
      printf(“User has write permission on
              file.n”);

   printf(“Drive letter of file: %cn”,
   ‘A’+statbuf.st_dev);
   printf(“Size of file in bytes: %ldn”,
   statbuf.st_size);
   printf(“Time file last opened: %sn”,
   ctime(&statbuf.st_ctime));
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: ftell
功  能: 返回當前文件指針
用  法: long ftell(FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;

   stream = fopen(“MYFILE.TXT”, “w+”);
   fprintf(stream, “This is a test”);
   printf(“The file pointer is at byte
          %ldn”, ftell(stream));
   fclose(stream);
   return 0;
}
 
 
 

函數(shù)名: fwrite
功  能: 寫內(nèi)容到流中
用  法: int fwrite(void *ptr, int size, int nitems, FILE *stream);
程序例:

#include <stdio.h>

struct mystruct
{
  int i;
  char ch;
};

int main(void)
{
   FILE *stream;
   struct mystruct s;

   if ((stream = fopen(“TEST.$$$”, “wb”)) == NULL) /* open file TEST.$$$ */
   {
      fprintf(stderr, “Cannot open output file.n”);
      return 1;
   }
   s.i = 0;
   s.ch = ‘A’;
   fwrite(&s, sizeof(s), 1, stream); /* write struct s to file */
   fclose(stream); /* close file */
   return 0;
}